# 10.2.2 Auto-generation of multiple interfering links

This option corresponds to duplicate n times a specific interfering links on a circle or on a hexagonal grid as illustrated below in (a) and (b) respectively. It is available by clicking on ([ ![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/T1vjX956LsYUdnPP-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/T1vjX956LsYUdnPP-image.png) ). These interferers have the same characteristics as the reference interfering link. It has the purpose of automatically generating a regular pattern of interfering links.

[![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/zMmdHsr9DiIfnkHY-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/zMmdHsr9DiIfnkHY-image.png)

<div class="rich-media-item mediaSingleView-content-wrap image-align-start css-n2mm3o" data-layout="align-start" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-node-type="mediaSingle" data-renderer-start-pos="368" data-vc="media-single" data-width="873" data-width-type="pixel" id="bkmrk-figure-213%3A-%28a%29-circ"><div class="css-db15bm"><div data-alt="" data-collection="contentId-493373" data-context-id="493373" data-file-mime-type="image/gif" data-file-name="13.gif" data-file-size="17086" data-height="301" data-id="3fd50c9e-a4dd-4dca-aa00-9ebc8a78f64b" data-node-type="media" data-renderer-start-pos="369" data-type="file" data-width="1052"><div class="_2rko18qm _vchhusvi _kqswh2mm _ect4ttxp _p12f1osq _c71l1osq _1bsb1qmm _4t3ine4n _1hlmd0i9 _1rquusvi _eg541i5c _mts3kb7n _1ntskb7n _yfmhtlke _5sb1v00u new-file-experience-wrapper" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-testid="media-card-view" id="bkmrk-figure-213%3A-%28a%29-circ-1"><div class="_1reo15vq _18m915vq _2rko18qm _1e0c1txw _kqswh2mm _p12f1osq _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _c71l1osq media-file-card-view" data-cursor="pointer" data-test-media-name="13.gif" data-test-progress="1" data-test-source="cache-remote" data-test-status="complete" data-testid="media-file-card-view"><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o align-center" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">![](blob:https://ecowiki.atlassian.net/e03bd480-e621-4304-8aca-704e446198a6#media-blob-url=true&id=3fd50c9e-a4dd-4dca-aa00-9ebc8a78f64b&collection=contentId-493373&contextId=493373&width=1052&height=301&alt=&clientId=113268fe-fe5b-4bc3-8ff3-07965dbf1d18)**Figure 213: (a) Circular and (b) hexagonal layout**</div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="rich-media-item mediaSingleView-content-wrap image-align-start css-cebk8x" data-layout="align-start" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-node-type="mediaSingle" data-renderer-start-pos="423" data-vc="media-single" data-width="574" data-width-type="pixel" id="bkmrk--1"><div class="css-ugydt"><div class="css-vhfmu2" contenteditable="false" data-media-badges="true" data-testid="media-badges">  
</div><div data-alt="" data-collection="contentId-493373" data-context-id="493373" data-file-mime-type="image/png" data-file-name="image2016-8-9 10:0:25.png" data-file-size="188589" data-height="515" data-id="ba39f042-c367-4c05-b739-4f4591405ba2" data-node-type="media" data-renderer-start-pos="424" data-type="file" data-width="574"><div class="_2rko18qm _vchhusvi _kqswh2mm _ect4ttxp _p12f1osq _c71l1osq _1bsb1qmm _4t3ine4n _1hlmd0i9 _1rquusvi _eg541i5c _mts3kb7n _1ntskb7n _yfmhtlke _5sb1v00u new-file-experience-wrapper" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-testid="media-card-view"><div class="_1reo15vq _18m915vq _2rko18qm _1e0c1txw _kqswh2mm _p12f1osq _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _c71l1osq media-file-card-view" data-cursor="pointer" data-test-media-name="image2016-8-9 10:0:25.png" data-test-progress="1" data-test-source="cache-remote" data-test-status="complete" data-testid="media-file-card-view"><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">![](blob:https://ecowiki.atlassian.net/c4988d9d-acb7-4e71-ac31-7a868256e8f5#media-blob-url=true&id=ba39f042-c367-4c05-b739-4f4591405ba2&collection=contentId-493373&contextId=493373&width=574&height=515&alt=&clientId=113268fe-fe5b-4bc3-8ff3-07965dbf1d18)</div></div><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">  
</div></div></div></div></div>[![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/SrEkg9QbIXjUMc43-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/SrEkg9QbIXjUMc43-image.png)

**Figure 214: Auto-generation of multiple interfering links**

The multiple generate feature graphical interface consists of 3 parts:

- Selection of the reference interferer
- Relative position of this reference interferer to the victim link
- Layout preview of the new interferers

**(a) Selection of the reference interferer**

You can choose an interfering link that will be used to clone the new interferers.

[![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/2yBZRsrRRFev1zj4-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/2yBZRsrRRFev1zj4-image.png)

<div class="rich-media-item mediaSingleView-content-wrap image-align-start css-2hz262" data-layout="align-start" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-node-type="mediaSingle" data-renderer-start-pos="844" data-vc="media-single" data-width="962" data-width-type="pixel" id="bkmrk-figure-215%3A-selectio"><div class="css-fhjl9z"><div data-alt="" data-collection="contentId-493373" data-context-id="493373" data-file-mime-type="image/png" data-file-name="15.png" data-file-size="8468" data-height="154" data-id="a3f04257-8837-4075-b8a4-94949116b8e8" data-node-type="media" data-renderer-start-pos="845" data-type="file" data-width="962"><div class="_2rko18qm _vchhusvi _kqswh2mm _ect4ttxp _p12f1osq _c71l1osq _1bsb1qmm _4t3ine4n _1hlmd0i9 _1rquusvi _eg541i5c _mts3kb7n _1ntskb7n _yfmhtlke _5sb1v00u new-file-experience-wrapper" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-testid="media-card-view" id="bkmrk-figure-215%3A-selectio-1"><div class="_1reo15vq _18m915vq _2rko18qm _1e0c1txw _kqswh2mm _p12f1osq _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _c71l1osq media-file-card-view" data-cursor="pointer" data-test-media-name="15.png" data-test-progress="1" data-test-source="remote" data-test-status="complete" data-testid="media-file-card-view"><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o align-center" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">![](blob:https://ecowiki.atlassian.net/7f14a588-b8db-4e25-8008-bc53d12ebbc2#media-blob-url=true&id=a3f04257-8837-4075-b8a4-94949116b8e8&collection=contentId-493373&contextId=493373&mimeType=image%2Fpng&name=15.png&size=8468&width=962&height=154&alt=&clientId=113268fe-fe5b-4bc3-8ff3-07965dbf1d18)**Figure 215: Selection of the reference interferers**</div><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper"></div><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">In the Generate Multiple Interfering Link dialog box, when selecting ok, 6 new interferers will now be present in the workspace, centered to the selected interferer (i.e. interfering link 1). </div></div></div></div></div></div>[![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/N6ncVFRGW3tvPLXy-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/N6ncVFRGW3tvPLXy-image.png)

<div class="rich-media-item mediaSingleView-content-wrap image-align-start css-1a7w28d" data-layout="align-start" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-node-type="mediaSingle" data-renderer-start-pos="1094" data-vc="media-single" data-width="242" data-width-type="pixel" id="bkmrk-figure-216%3A-generate"><div class="css-1x1enom"><div data-alt="" data-collection="contentId-493373" data-context-id="493373" data-file-mime-type="image/gif" data-file-name="16.gif" data-file-size="7042" data-height="228" data-id="b0521363-cb96-4cea-81c4-5fc5726e19f4" data-node-type="media" data-renderer-start-pos="1095" data-type="file" data-width="242"><div class="_2rko18qm _vchhusvi _kqswh2mm _ect4ttxp _p12f1osq _c71l1osq _1bsb1qmm _4t3ine4n _1hlmd0i9 _1rquusvi _eg541i5c _mts3kb7n _1ntskb7n _yfmhtlke _5sb1v00u new-file-experience-wrapper" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-testid="media-card-view" id="bkmrk-figure-216%3A-generate-1"><div class="_1reo15vq _18m915vq _2rko18qm _1e0c1txw _kqswh2mm _p12f1osq _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _c71l1osq media-file-card-view" data-cursor="pointer" data-test-media-name="16.gif" data-test-progress="1" data-test-source="remote" data-test-status="complete" data-testid="media-file-card-view"><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o align-center" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">**Figure 216: Generated new interferes, centered on interfering link 1**</div></div></div></div></div></div>**(b) Relative position of this reference interfere to the victim link**[ ](http://tractool.seamcat.org/wiki/Manual/Special/GenerateMultipleInterferingLinks#bRelativepositionofthisreferenceinterferertothevictimlink "http://tractool.seamcat.org/wiki/Manual/Special/GenerateMultipleInterferingLinks#bRelativepositionofthisreferenceinterferertothevictimlink")

You can adjust the position of the interferers with respect to either the VLT (Victim link transmitter) or the VLR (Victim link receiver). When the generate multiple feature is run the relative positioning of interfering link mode (i.e. in the victim receiver to interfering transmitter path tab) is by default overwritten. In this case the center of the interferers is set to (1,1) to VLT.

[![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/AiW1UndZq94nLmVZ-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/AiW1UndZq94nLmVZ-image.png)

<div class="rich-media-item mediaSingleView-content-wrap image-align-start css-15r7e4q" data-layout="align-start" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-node-type="mediaSingle" data-renderer-start-pos="1634" data-vc="media-single" data-width="660" data-width-type="pixel" id="bkmrk-figure-217%3A-relative"><div class="css-r1ivga"><div data-alt="" data-collection="contentId-493373" data-context-id="493373" data-file-mime-type="image/gif" data-file-name="17.gif" data-file-size="3971" data-height="132" data-id="ec4c2b83-1748-4880-baf6-85a934bd9c5f" data-node-type="media" data-renderer-start-pos="1635" data-type="file" data-width="660"><div class="_2rko18qm _vchhusvi _kqswh2mm _ect4ttxp _p12f1osq _c71l1osq _1bsb1qmm _4t3ine4n _1hlmd0i9 _1rquusvi _eg541i5c _mts3kb7n _1ntskb7n _yfmhtlke _5sb1v00u new-file-experience-wrapper" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-testid="media-card-view" id="bkmrk-figure-217%3A-relative-1"><div class="_1reo15vq _18m915vq _2rko18qm _1e0c1txw _kqswh2mm _p12f1osq _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _c71l1osq media-file-card-view" data-cursor="pointer" data-test-media-name="17.gif" data-test-progress="1" data-test-source="remote" data-test-status="complete" data-testid="media-file-card-view"><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o align-center" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">![](blob:https://ecowiki.atlassian.net/44ffc521-402c-4951-9418-896f2c101b0d#media-blob-url=true&id=ec4c2b83-1748-4880-baf6-85a934bd9c5f&collection=contentId-493373&contextId=493373&mimeType=image%2Fgif&name=17.gif&size=3971&width=660&height=132&alt=&clientId=113268fe-fe5b-4bc3-8ff3-07965dbf1d18)**Figure 217: Relative position of the interferer to the VLR or VLT**</div></div></div></div></div></div>**(c) Layout preview of the new interferes**

As a results the preview will display the following illustration

[![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/HsG7LlWWooHSbYM7-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/HsG7LlWWooHSbYM7-image.png)

<div class="rich-media-item mediaSingleView-content-wrap image-align-start css-4vw4kq" data-layout="align-start" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-node-type="mediaSingle" data-renderer-start-pos="1817" data-vc="media-single" data-width="952" data-width-type="pixel" id="bkmrk-figure-218%3A-layout-p"><div class="css-1i4crhf"><div data-alt="" data-collection="contentId-493373" data-context-id="493373" data-file-mime-type="image/gif" data-file-name="18.gif" data-file-size="13972" data-height="250" data-id="3ce23e9e-5e97-4d39-81a4-3b3308f99e27" data-node-type="media" data-renderer-start-pos="1818" data-type="file" data-width="952"><div class="_2rko18qm _vchhusvi _kqswh2mm _ect4ttxp _p12f1osq _c71l1osq _1bsb1qmm _4t3ine4n _1hlmd0i9 _1rquusvi _eg541i5c _mts3kb7n _1ntskb7n _yfmhtlke _5sb1v00u new-file-experience-wrapper" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-testid="media-card-view" id="bkmrk-figure-218%3A-layout-p-1"><div class="_1reo15vq _18m915vq _2rko18qm _1e0c1txw _kqswh2mm _p12f1osq _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _c71l1osq media-file-card-view" data-cursor="pointer" data-test-media-name="18.gif" data-test-progress="1" data-test-source="remote" data-test-status="complete" data-testid="media-file-card-view"><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o align-center" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">![](blob:https://ecowiki.atlassian.net/a27c6917-db28-4540-96dc-cbe960f224d4#media-blob-url=true&id=3ce23e9e-5e97-4d39-81a4-3b3308f99e27&collection=contentId-493373&contextId=493373&mimeType=image%2Fgif&name=18.gif&size=13972&width=952&height=250&alt=&clientId=113268fe-fe5b-4bc3-8ff3-07965dbf1d18)**Figure 218: Layout preview of the relative position of the interferer to the VLR or VLT**</div></div></div></div></div></div>In the appearing dialog window, you may select the parameters described in .

**Table 41: Generate Multiple Interfering Link GUI input parameters**

<div class="pm-table-container with-shadow-observer" data-layout="align-start" data-testid="table-container" id="bkmrk-description-symbol-t"><div class="pm-table-wrapper" data-autosize="false" data-layout="align-start" data-number-column="false" data-table-local-id="" data-vc="table-node-wrapper"><table data-layout="align-start" data-number-column="false" data-table-width="760" data-testid="renderer-table" style="width: 100%;"><tbody><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 29.552%;">**Description**

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.53289%;">**Symbol**

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 8.6966%;">**Type**

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.41588%;">**Unit**

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 42.7788%;">**Comments**

</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 29.552%;">Circular or hexagonal layout

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.53289%;">-

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 8.6966%;">-

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.41588%;">-

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 42.7788%;">General circular or hexagonal layout

</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 29.552%;">Number of tiers of generated multiple cells

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.53289%;">-

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 8.6966%;">Scalar

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.41588%;">-

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 42.7788%;">You can generate as many tiers as you want

</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 29.552%;">Number of links in the first tier

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.53289%;">-

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 8.6966%;">Scalar

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.41588%;">-

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 42.7788%;">You can set the total number of links in the first tier

</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 29.552%;">Intersite distance

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.53289%;">D

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 8.6966%;">Scalar

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.41588%;">Km

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 42.7788%;">Distance between 2 BSs

</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 29.552%;">Displacement angle

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.53289%;">θ

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 8.6966%;">Scalar

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.41588%;">Degree

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 42.7788%;">Angle between the horizontal and the first <span data-highlighted="true" data-vc="highlighted-text"><span class="_kqswh2mm"><span class="_5pioz8co _189e1dm9 _1il9buyh _19lc184f _d0altlke" data-testid="definition-highlighter">BS</span></span></span> (counter clockwise)

</td></tr><tr><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 29.552%;">Angle offset

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.53289%;"></td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 8.6966%;">Scalar

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 9.41588%;">Degree

</td><td colspan="1" rowspan="1" style="width: 42.7788%;">Angle offset of the displacement angle

</td></tr></tbody></table>

</div><div class="sentinel-right">  
</div><div class="pm-table-sticky-scrollbar-container-view-page" data-vc="table-sticky-scrollbar-container"></div></div>**(d) Illustrative example of the generation of multiple interfering link**

The below figure shows an example of scenario that may be used for estimating intra‐service interference to a victim base station of cellular system from mobile transmitters operating in the next tier of co‐channel cells of the same system.

The displacement angle is calculated automatically by the dialogue window by evenly spacing the specified number of cells around the 360 deg arc, but you may amend this angle. e.g. in order to achieve placement of multiple cells in a sector of less than 360 deg. The parameter angle offset may be used to specify the offset of an azimuth towards the first interfering cell with regard to the x‐axis, as seen from the centre cell.

During the multiple link generation, the intersite distance parameter (0.433 km in the example), in combination with the specified initial offset angle, will overwrite the original coordinates (Delta X/DeltaY) in the Vr‐It path tab setting of the Interfering links.

[![image.png](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/scaled-1680-/X3Kq5GzFGhW3hpRI-image.png)](https://wiki.cept.org/uploads/images/gallery/2026-04/X3Kq5GzFGhW3hpRI-image.png)

<div class="rich-media-item mediaSingleView-content-wrap image-align-start css-njde72" data-layout="align-start" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-node-type="mediaSingle" data-renderer-start-pos="3731" data-vc="media-single" data-width="496" data-width-type="pixel" id="bkmrk-figure-219%3A-example-"><div class="css-1g4n7fh"><div data-alt="" data-collection="contentId-493373" data-context-id="493373" data-file-mime-type="image/gif" data-file-name="19.gif" data-file-size="42633" data-height="411" data-id="84ba1acd-a981-47f6-939b-a54e31e4d923" data-node-type="media" data-renderer-start-pos="3732" data-type="file" data-width="817"><div class="_2rko18qm _vchhusvi _kqswh2mm _ect4ttxp _p12f1osq _c71l1osq _1bsb1qmm _4t3ine4n _1hlmd0i9 _1rquusvi _eg541i5c _mts3kb7n _1ntskb7n _yfmhtlke _5sb1v00u new-file-experience-wrapper" data-media-vc-wrapper="true" data-testid="media-card-view" id="bkmrk-figure-219%3A-example--1"><div class="_1reo15vq _18m915vq _2rko18qm _1e0c1txw _kqswh2mm _p12f1osq _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _c71l1osq media-file-card-view" data-cursor="pointer" data-test-media-name="19.gif" data-test-progress="1" data-test-source="remote" data-test-status="complete" data-testid="media-file-card-view"><div class="_kqswstnw _1bsb1osq _4t3i1osq _1e0c1txw _2lx21bp4 _1bah1h6o _4cvr1h6o align-center" data-testid="ImageRendererWrapper">![](blob:https://ecowiki.atlassian.net/09803882-9c3c-4d77-b356-8d381632789d#media-blob-url=true&id=84ba1acd-a981-47f6-939b-a54e31e4d923&collection=contentId-493373&contextId=493373&mimeType=image%2Fgif&name=19.gif&size=42633&width=817&height=411&alt=&clientId=113268fe-fe5b-4bc3-8ff3-07965dbf1d18)**Figure 219: Example where 1 tier is used to position 4 interferers in a square shape (i.e. corners of a building) with the Vr positioned outside the square**</div></div></div></div></div></div>